The normal quality of PoE Awakened Gems is 20%. The max quality is 23%. You can see from the following example.
PoE Awakened Gems have not alternate quality.
2. How to reach 23% quality?
Vaal Orb corruption works the same as for regular support gems, sometimes adding or removing a level or up to 10 quality. Quality is hardcapped at 23%.
The effects of Vaal Orb on PoE Awakened Gems:
No effect (other than adding the corrupted property).
Add or subtract one level. Max level gems can exceed their normal maximum this way. A corrupted gem at the normal maximum will not continue to gain experience.
Add or subtract 1-20 quality. Gems can have up to 23% quality this way.